Family Resilience and Dyadic Coping during the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Their Protective Role in Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being.

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has dramatically worsened people's psychological well-being. Our aim was to examine for the first time the concurrent and longitudinal relations of family resilience with hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, and the moderating role of socio-demographics. For people having a romantic partner, we also explored whether family resilience and dyadic coping were uniquely related to well-being. One cross-sectional study (N = 325) and one 10-week follow-up study (N = 112) were carried out during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020) in Northern Italy. Adult participants completed an online questionnaire in both studies. Correlation, multivariate regression, and moderation analyses were carried out with IBM SPSS version 28 and its PROCESS macro. Significance of differences in correlation and regression coefficients was tested through Steiger's procedure, Wald test, and SUEST method. Family resilience was found to relate more strongly to eudaimonic (versus hedonic) well-being concurrently and to hedonic (versus eudaimonic) well-being longitudinally. The concurrent or longitudinal relations with hedonic well-being were generally stronger for females, part-time workers, and people undergoing multiple stressors. For people having a romantic partner, family resilience was concurrently associated with well-being independently of dyadic coping, whereas dyadic coping was longitudinally related to well-being independently of family resilience. Family resilience was found to protect, in the short term, the psychological well-being of people facing the pandemic outbreak. Its protective role mainly concerned hedonic well-being and was more pronounced for more vulnerable people. For persons having a romantic partner, however, dyadic coping seemed to have equal, if not greater, positive short-term effects.

Gratitude, Forgiveness, and Anger: Resources and Risk Factors for Italian Prison Inmates.

The adjustment of prison inmates is recently becoming a social concern. In the current study we focused on the role of gratitude, interpersonal forgiveness, and anger, which have been widely addressed as likely to influence people's health and adaptive behaviors, in shaping prison inmates' psychological wellbeing and criminal attitudes. Participants were 104 male prison inmates aged between 24 and 75 (Mage = 46.63, SD = 11.38) imprisoned in Northern Italy who were asked to fill in an anonymous self-report questionnaire. Results highlighted that all dimensions considered play an important, albeit different and highly specific, role; Gratitude is a promotional factor that enhances psychological wellbeing, whereas interpersonal forgiveness appears to be a protective factor against the adoption of a criminal attitude as violence or antisocial intent. Finally, anger is a risk factor toward both psychological wellbeing and violent behaviors. Implications of these results and further developments of the study are discussed.

How culturally unique are pandemic effects? Evaluating cultural similarities and differences in effects of age, biological sex, and political beliefs on COVID impacts.

Despite being bio-epidemiological phenomena, the causes and effects of pandemics are culturally influenced in ways that go beyond national boundaries. However, they are often studied in isolated pockets, and this fact makes it difficult to parse the unique influence of specific cultural psychologies. To help fill in this gap, the present study applies existing cultural theories via linear mixed modeling to test the influence of unique cultural factors in a multi-national sample (that moves beyond Western nations) on the effects of age, biological sex, and political beliefs on pandemic outcomes that include adverse financial impacts, adverse resource impacts, adverse psychological impacts, and the health impacts of COVID. Our study spanned 19 nations (participant N = 14,133) and involved translations into 9 languages. Linear mixed models revealed similarities across cultures, with both young persons and women reporting worse outcomes from COVID across the multi-national sample. However, these effects were generally qualified by culture-specific variance, and overall more evidence emerged for effects unique to each culture than effects similar across cultures. Follow-up analyses suggested this cultural variability was consistent with models of pre-existing inequalities and socioecological stressors exacerbating the effects of the pandemic. Collectively, this evidence highlights the importance of developing culturally flexible models for understanding the cross-cultural nature of pandemic psychology beyond typical WEIRD approaches.

Forgiveness and conflict resolution in close relationships: within and cross partner effects / Perdón y resolución de conflictos en relaciones cercanas: efectos intra y entre parejas

Sirven las tácticas de perdón y conflicto (compromiso, agresión y evitación) en respuesta a conflictos propiciados por un miembro de la pareja, como predictores únicos y efectivos de las conversaciones y la calidad de las relaciones? Con 92 parejas italianas se probó un modelo mediacional en el cual las respuestas de cada compañero al conflicto predecía las conversaciones efectivas, que a su vez predecían la calidad de la relación. Para hombres y mujeres, las respuestas negativas al conflicto (no perdonar, agredir y evitar) se traslaparon y predijeron la calidad de la relación reportada por ellos mismosy por sus parejas, directa e indirectamente a través de la conversación efectiva. Las respuestas positivas investigadas (benevolencia y compromiso) no se traslaparon ni para hombres ni para mujeres. Las respuestas positivas de los hombres al conflicto predijeron la calidad de la relación reportada por ellos y por sus parejas.

International journals are considered more prestigious and with more quality than national ones, although the meaning of this had not been established until recently. Moreover, internationality has been used as a criterion to make important decisions, for example to assess the performance of scientists, universities, doctoral degree programs, and so on, without knowing the exact meaning of internationality. Thus, the current study uses the criteria of internationality established by a survey on more than 16,000 scientists from all over the world to create an Internationality Index of multidisciplinary psychology journals published in Ibero-America and included in the Web of Science. Results show that the most international journal is Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, followed by The Spanish Journal of Psychology, Psicothema and Universitas Psychologica. All the journals fulfill the criteria for internationality and the study provides very important results which will allow its increase.